Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2014a). Common burdock. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/N_FS-CommonBurdock.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2014b). Creeping bellflower. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/N_FS-CreepingBellflower.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2014c). Nodding thistle. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/PN_FS-NoddingThistle.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2014d). Perennial sow-thistle. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/N_FS-PerennialSowthistle-High-Res-Photos.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2014e). Scentless chamomile. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/N_FS-ScentlessChamomile.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2014f). Spotted knapweed. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/PN_FS-SpottedKnapweed.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2014g). Yellow toadflax. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/N_FS-CommonToadflax.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2016). Absinthe wormwood. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/UR_FS-AbsintheWormwood.pdf 

Alberta Invasive Species Council. (2022, October 11). Leafy spurge. https://abinvasives.ca/fact-sheet/leafy-spurge/ 

Bromus tectorum. (n.d.). Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/plants/graminoid/brotec/all.html 

CABI. (2023, June 19). Controlling noxious Russian knapweed in North America. https://www.cabi.org/projects/controlling-noxious-russian-knapweed-in-north-america/ 

CABI. (2023, October 4). CABI’s work on the biological control of invasive weeds making great progress. https://www.cabi.org/news-article/cabis-work-on-the-biological-control-of-invasive-weeds-making-great-progress/ 

California Department of Food and Agriculture. (n.d.). California Department of Food and Agriculture. https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/ 

Emery, S. (2006). Baby’s breath removal monitoring project [Unpublished report]. 

Government of Saskatchewan. (n.d.). Downy brome: Problem weeds—A cattlemen’s guide. https://www.saskatchewan.ca/business/agriculture-natural-resources-and-industry/agribusiness-farmers-and-ranchers/livestock/pastures-grazing-hay-silage/problem-weeds—a-cattlemens-guide/downy-brome 

Government of Ontario. (2023, January 13). Downy brome. https://www.ontario.ca/document/weed-identification-guide-ontario-crops/downy-brome 

Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). Clematis orientalis (Ranunculaceae) and its allies. Kew Bulletin, 44, 33–60. 

Grey-Wilson, C. (2000). Clematis: The genus. Timber Press. 

Gross, K. L., & Werner, P. A. (1978). The biology of Canadian weeds: 28. Verbascum thapsus L. and V. blattaria L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 58, 401–413. 

Hinojosa, M., Mamchur, J., Cahill, J., & Wagner, V. (2025). Caragana arborescens, an emerging invasive shrub in Canada’s southern boreal forests. BioInvasions Records, 14(4), 743–755. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2025.14.4.01 

Hitchcock, C. L., & Cronquist, A. (1973). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: An illustrated manual. University of Washington Press. 

Invasive Species Centre. (2024, June 14). Honeysuckles. https://www.invasivespeciescentre.ca/invasive-species/meet-the-species/invasive-plants/honeysuckles/ 

Invasive Species Centre. (2025, September 18). Himalayan balsam: Profile and resources. https://www.invasivespeciescentre.ca/invasive-species/meet-the-species/invasive-plants/himalayan-balsam/ 

Invasive Species Compendium. (2026). Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive). CABI. https://www.cabi.org/isc 

Invasive Species Council of British Columbia. (2023, June 7). Canada thistle. https://bcinvasives.ca/invasives/canada-thistle/ 

Kimmel, N. (2023). Canada thistle. Alberta Invasive Species Council. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/FS-CanadaThistle-2023.pdf 

Lincoln County Noxious Weed Control Board. (n.d.). Common mullein (Verbascum thapsus) brochure. http://www.co.lincoln.wa.us/weedboard/biocontrol/COMMON%20MULLEIN%20BROCHURE.pdf 

McClay, A. (2007). Risk assessment fact sheet for golden clematis (Clematis tangutica). 

McClay, A. (2008). Risk assessment fact sheet for baby’s breath (Gypsophila paniculata). 

Meewasin Valley Authority. (2021, October 22). European buckthorn is a pretty, but invasive, species. https://meewasin.com/european-buckthorn-is-a-pretty-but-invasive-species/ 

Mitich, L. W. (1989). Common mullein—The roadside torch parade. Weed Technology, 3, 704–705. 

Parks Canada. (n.d.). Yellow clematis fact sheet: Non-native vegetation control plan, Jasper National Park. 

Powell, D., Breen, P., Sydnor, T. D., & Hurst, S. (2015). Russian olive. Alberta Invasive Species Council. 

Reinbrecht, S. (2014). Purple loosestrife. U.S. Forest Service. https://abinvasives.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/PN_FS-PurpleLoosestrife.pdf 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, & Randall, J. M. (n.d.). Plant guide. 

Verbascum thapsus. (n.d.). Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/plants/forb/vertha/all.html 

Wilson, L. (n.d.). Key to identification of invasive and native hawkweeds in the Pacific Northwest. British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range.